Fig 2: Influence of JNK1 or JNK2 deficiency on Ikbkb-/- cells at transcriptomics level. (A) Volcano plot shows mRNAs of DEGs between control groups and osteogenic induction groups involving three types of cells namely Ikbkb-/-, Ikbkb-/- Mapk8-/-, and Ikbkb-/- Mapk9-/- cells. The horizontal axis represents the fold changes between control groups and osteogenic induction groups. The vertical axis represents the q-value of the difference. Representative DEGs were pointed out by arrows to illustrate the gene expression changed by JNK1 or JNK2 deficiency during the response of IKKß-deficient cells to osteogenic induction at day 4. (B) FPKMs of mRNAs of representative DEGs analyzed by RNA-seq. (C) DEGs of Ikbkb-/- Mapk8-/- cells compared with Ikbkb-/- cells and DEGs of Ikbkb-/- Mapk9-/- cells compared with Ikbkb-/- cells after 4 days of induction were classified into two categories in Venn diagram, the overlapping DEGs could be regulated by both JNK1 and JNK2. (D) Clustering results of the overlapping DEGs described in C. Expression profiles of these overlapping DEGs in Ikbkb-/- Mapk8-/- cells and Ikbkb-/- Mapk9-/- cells after induction were very similar in pattern. (E,F) KEGG pathway analysis and GO analysis of overlapping DEGs described in C. (E) The top 15 enrichment scores (–log10, P-value) of KEGG pathways, term candidate gene numbers were listed on the right. (F) GO analysis with top 20 representative most significantly enriched (–log10, P-value) GO terms of the overlapping DEGs covering biological processes and cellular components domains. Error bars represent ± SEM.

Fig 3: Relative mRNA expression of Jnk1 in the liver of treated and untreated rats with experimental type 2 diabetes. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM of five rats per group. *p ? 0.05, **p ? 0.01 when compared with HG-Ctrl group; dp ? 0.05 when compared with Ctrl group. Ctrl, control group, nondiabetic rats without treatment; HG-Ctrl, diabetic rats administered with vehicle (saline); HG-Lr, diabetic rats treated with C? from L. rotundiflorus; HG-Met, diabetic rats treated with metformin.

Fig 4: Changes in viral uptake following ERK1/2 silencing. The infectivity of a GFP-expressing, non-replicating adenovirus at a multiplicity of infection of 10 was evaluated after 48 h treatment with siRNA-ERK1/2 or siRNA-NC (control group) (A) using fluorescence-assisted cell sorting analysis. Values are expressed as the mean of triplicate measurements ± standard error. *P<0.05 vs. NC. (B) The infectivity was also assessed using fluorescence microscopy (scale bar, 200 µm). Under the same conditions, the left panel shows transmitted light images and the right panels show green fluorescence. JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; siRNA, small interfering RNA; NC, negative control; GFP, green fluorescence protein. CAR, coxsackie and adenovirus receptor; mCSC, murine cardiac stem cell.

Fig 5: Death of DIS cells after p21 knockdown ensued by TNF-a secretion Survival of DIS BJ cells transduced with siRNAs targeting p21, p53 or their combinations, as indicated. Data are presented as means ± SEM of 3 repeats, each performed in triplicate. Western blots of p21, p53, cleaved PARP, and cleaved caspase-3 after siRNA treatment.Survival of DIS BJ cells transduced with siRNAs targeting p21, pRb or their combinations, as indicated. Data are presented as means ± SEM of 3 repeats, each performed in triplicate. Western blots depict p21 and pRb protein levels following siRNA treatment.Western blot analysis of p21, p65, p-p65, JNK, p-JNK, cleaved PARP, and cleaved caspase-3 proteins 4 days after sip21 or siCtrl treatment of G and DIS cells; representative blots of at least two independent experiments are depicted.mRNA expression levels of TNF-a and IL-8 in DIS cells at the indicated times after sip21 or siCtrl treatment. Data are presented as means ± SEM of three repeats.Survival of DIS BJ cells transduced with siRNAs targeting p21, p65 or their combinations, as indicated, 4 days after siRNA washout. Western blots depict levels of p21, p65, JNK, p-JNK, cleaved PARP, and cleaved caspase-3 following siRNA treatment. Data are presented as means ± SEM of three repeats, each performed in triplicate.mRNA expression levels of TNF-a relative to control following treatment with siRNAs targeting p21, p65, or their combinations. Data are presented as means ± SEM of three repeats.Data information: Data were analyzed using Student's t-test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.005; ***P < 0.0005. n.s, not significant. Source data are available online for this figure.